I think if it is transactional, even if the medium of exchange is not monetary, it might leave the range owner open to increased liability and/or the need for insuranceUnderstood, so would a trade such as ammo be more considerable option for use of a personal private range?
- like gigging for über for pay requires extra insurance while giving a friend a ride to the airport does not
IANAL or an actuary but I believe pay to play would make it a business relationship